Under Rule 1.7, what defines a conflict of interest?

A conflict of interest, as defined under Rule 1.7 of the Model Rules of Professional Conduct, occurs when a lawyer's ability to represent a client is significantly compromised due to competing interests between clients. Specifically, a conflict arises when representing one client is adverse to another client's interests or there is a significant risk that such representation may be adversely affected. This definition encapsulates the essence of professional responsibility, mandating lawyers to ensure that their representation does not harm the interests of any client they represent, thereby ensuring loyalty and impartiality.

In contrast, situations where a lawyer represents multiple clients without any disputes do not constitute a conflict of interest according to the established rule since there is no adverse impact on the clients involved. A conflict does not depend solely on a client’s complaint, as it is the nature of interests and potential implications of representation that determine the existence of a conflict. Additionally, conflicts are not limited to criminal cases; they can arise in a diverse range of legal matters. Thus, the term 'conflict of interest' is broad and extends beyond narrow contexts. This comprehensive understanding reinforces the correct interpretation of what constitutes a conflict under Rule 1.7.